Improvement in bakers  ovens



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER ORUMBIE, OF NYAOK, AND DAVID DONALD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BAKERS OVENS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1585916, dated January 19, 1875; application filed Ff July EO, 1874.

To all' whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALEXANDER CRUM- BIE, o f Nyack, in the coun ty4 of Rockland and State of New York, and DAVID DONALD, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have jointly invented certain 1mprovements in Bakers7 and other Ovens, of which the following is a specification:

This invention, while applicable in part or in whole to other ovens, is mainly designed to be applied to mechanical ovens for bakers use, and in which a series of pendent bread-holders are employed, as, for instance, in what are known as reel-ovens, although an endless chain may be substituted for the reel.

rlhe invention consists in a combination, with the lu'es, or certain of them, of openended retorts in the base of the oven, whereby, while the'oven is mainly heated by radia- `tion from its base, the gaseous products of combustion are caused to circulate irst around or on the outside of and then through retorts 41n the ues, and not only made more economically available, as regards utilization ot' the heat, but all smoke and noxious particles or gases are consumed before escape of the puriiied heated products into the oven or bakingchamber thereof. The invention also consists in a combination, with stop mechanism for arresting the motion of the bread-holders when opposite the charging and discharging aperture, of an automatically-operating door for opening and closing said aperture in unison with the stop motion. The invention also includes a novel construction of said door, whereby the same is made to form a delivery-board for the baked articles from the bread-holders.

In the drawing, Figure 1 represents a partlybroken front view of a mechanical oven having my invention applied. Fig. 2 is a side View of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line w w, and Fig. 4 a vertical sect-ion on the irregular line y y.

A-is the baking-chamber, containing a revolving reel, B, provided with any desired number of pendent trays or bread holders, C. Said reel may bc rotated by a screw, D, arranged on a shaft, E, and gearing with a worm- Wheel, F, fast on the reel-shaft. On the shaft E is arranged a clutch-driving mechanism for stopping and starting the reel, which mechanism may be similar to that described in Letters Patent No. 150,295, issued to ALEXANDER ORUMBIE April 28, 1874, the same serving, at the will of the operator, to arrest the breadholders, for charging and discharging them, whenever a lever, G, connected with the clutch mechanism is allowed, by means of a weight or spring, H, to project a toe or stop, b, into any one of a series of notches, c, in a disk, I,

on the reel-shaft, said notches corresponding in number and arrangement with the breadholders. Connected with the lever G of the stop mechanism are means for opening and closing the door J, which controls the receiving and discharging aperture d of the oven, so that, when the reel is stopped with a breadholder, O, opposite the opening d, by the stop b being allowed to enter a notch, c, the door J is automatically opened by the same motion to discharge the bread or other baked articles, and to refnrnish or supply the emptied breadholder, and, after the latter has been charged or loaded, and the stop-lever G thrown out of gear with the notched disk I to permit of the continued Vrotation of the reel, the door J is 'automatically closed. The mea-ns by which said door is opened and closed, in unison with the stop mechanism, may be varied; but as convenient a means as any is to connect the stoplever G, by a rod, e, with .a treadle, K, that may be used to control the stop mechanism, and which is connected, by a rod, f, with a lever, g, having a toothed sector, h, that gears with a pinion, i, on the axis or shaft k of the door J. By these means, too, and by the arrangement of the shaft 7c of the door intermediately of the width of the latter, said door J, when open, as shown in Fig. 4, serves to form a discharge board or surface for the baked articles from the bread-holder O in proximity to the opening d; also, it may be, to act as a support or rest to said bread-holder.

The pendent bread-holders C are not dependent on their own weight or that'of the load they carry to preserve their horizontal position while rotating, and, consequently, are not hung at any great leverage to the arms of the reel, but are closely pivoted thereto, as shown in Fig. 4, and their horizontal position preserved by means of Weights G1, which may be adjustable on bent levers C2, arranged to project under the breadholders. This con struction and arrangement of the pendent bread-holders admit of a greater number of said holders being used Within a given space or diameter Without interfering one with the other.

'Ihe furnace part of the oven consists of any desired number of fire-places, L, arranged side by side in the base of the oven, and communieating, by lateral apertures l, with iiue-spaces IWI, in which are open-ended retorts N, supplied with air, if necessary, by doors in front of the iiues M. These retorts, which, becoming highly heated, serve to burn the smoke and obnoxious gases or coal-dust passing to them from the furnaces, connect, at their ends, by apertures m, with the interior of the bakingbhamber through its floor, thus, in addition to the radiated heat from the base of the oven, furnish' ing purified heated air or gases, which finally pass off down a dip-flue, O, that is controlled by a damper, n, to a horizontal iiue, P, having uptakes Q. The retorts N also form returniiues, the heated gases first passingalong the iiues M toward the front of the oven, and afterits toe b, and 'the notched disk I, of a door, J,-

and mechanism for automatically opening and closing the charging and discharging aperture d, in relation with the traveling bread-holders, essentially as herein set forth.

3. In combination with the traveling breadholders C and aperture d, the door J, hung on an intermediate axis, 7c, and constructed to form, When thrown open, a delivery-board for the baked articles, substantially as shown and described.

ALEXANDER CRUMBIE. DAVID DONALD.

Witnesses MICHAEL RYAN, FRED.v HAYNEs. 

